雅思成绩单及寄送注意事项

雅思新手须知, 雅思成绩单及寄送注意事项今天小编给大家带来雅思成绩单及寄送注意事项 ，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

雅思新手须知 雅思成绩单及寄送注意事项

雅思成绩单长什么样?

现在的雅思成绩单上标注有雅思考试类型，雅思考试中心代码，考试时间，考生准考证号以及考生的个人信息，听说读写及综合雅思成绩，最后会有雅思官方的印章，及签名。需要注意的是，在成绩后有一个CEFR level,关于CEFR，全称是Common European Framework of Reference. CEFR的打分方式有 A1, A 2, B1, B2, C1, C2. CEFR和IELTS的之间有一个相对的分数参照：

欧洲共同语言参考标准(CEFR)是被国际认可的描述语言能力和水平的标准。在欧洲，CEFR被广泛接受，并且越来越多的运用到欧洲以外的世界范围内。雅思和CEFR level的对比参照如上，雅思考试的内容和评分标准并没有因为CEFR Level而改变。所以大家完全不用担心，只需正常的备考即可。CEFR level 只是不同考试之间的一种转换中介。对于烤鸭们本身的备考并没有任何的影响。无论是入学，还是签证，都还是以单项成绩和总成绩为主，和以往的用法都一致。

二、关于雅思电子成绩单的寄送问题

雅思电子成绩单如果申请寄送：大家可以在雅思官网中额外成绩单申请方式的页面中找到电子成绩单寄送的方式。

三、雅思额外成绩单寄送地址

国内外院校、专业机构、政府部门(注：申请向国内院校/机构寄送额外成绩单的考生须在线提供该院校/机构出具的证明材料扫描件，写明需要雅思成绩单原件的原因，经审核后方可寄出。)

阿德雷德技术移民局移民签证处(ASPC)

除英国/澳大利亚/加拿大/瑞士以外各国使领馆签证处

四、关于修改雅思成绩单寄送地址

1.在报名截止日期前，考生自行登录教育部考试中心雅思报名网站，更改成绩单寄送地址。

2.在报名截止日期后，考生在笔试后5个工作日内及时联系雅思考试全国考后服务热线，提交修改申请，并提供申请材料。申请材料包括：身份证复印件、姓名、考号、考试日期、考试地点、新的寄送地址、邮编和联系电话。

五、额外成绩单寄送申请流程

你可以在雅思官网上登录再申请额外成绩单寄送，然后在申请页面上选择你的考试时间、院校名称和所在国家，除了你的联系电话、邮箱、院校的收件部门和联系电话外，其他的信息都会自动生成。

确认信息无误后选择缴费。需要注意的是，在缴费后你所提供的寄送信息将无法更改。成功后可在“我的状态”中查看你的申请寄送的受理状态。一般会在五个工作日内受理。当你的成绩单开始寄送后，寄送系统会给你在寄送信息中填写的邮箱发确认邮件，表示你的成绩单已经正式开始寄送了。另外，电子成绩单还需要通知院校在雅思特定网站上下载。

六、其他雅思成绩单寄送注意事项

如考生的成绩单由于投寄失败被退回英国文化教育协会，考生会在2个工作日内收到电子邮件通知，提醒考生登录报名网站个人主页申请退回成绩单重新寄送。考生申请退回成绩单重新寄送时，需要提供准确的寄送地址、邮编及联系电话，并支付EMS快递费用(北京：14元，国内其他城市：22元)。

退回成绩单重新寄送申请一旦确认付费，将无法更改或取消。考生可以提前在NEEA账户中预存快递费用，也可直接使用NEEA帐户余额支付。余额不足时，需要先进行帐户充值，再确认支付。考生申请提交成功后，退回成绩单将在3个工作日内由英国文化教育协会重新寄出，新的EMS单号会更新在报名网站个人主页，考生同时会收到电子邮件通知。

雅思阅读全真练习系列：Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold

Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold

1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.

2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior. According to the standard view, the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However, Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.

3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005, Grandpierre and a collaborator, Gábor ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.

4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each other out, some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.

5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages: for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that, they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.

6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit, known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100,000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives, triggering the ice ages. However, a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.

7 "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," says Neil Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes, UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claim that the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.

8 However, Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example, if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part of the carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.

9 According to Edwards, there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add their effects together, there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work," he says. "The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation," he says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation."

10 Ehrlich concedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on the sun, I can't think of one that is practical," he says. That's because variation over 41,000 to 100,000 years is too gradual to be observed. However, there may be a way to test it in other stars: red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller than that of the sun, and so Ehrlich believes that the oscillation periods could be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.

11 Nigel Weiss, a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge, is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible". Ehrlich counters that Weiss's opinion is based on the standard solar model, which fails to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature fluctuations.

(716 words)

Questions 1-4　　Complete each of the following statements with One or Two names of the scientists from the box below.

Write the appropriate letters A-E in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.

A. Attila Grandpierre

B. Gábor ágoston

C. Neil Edwards

D. Nigel Weiss

E. Robert Ehrlich

1. ...claims there抯 a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall in periods as long as those between ice ages on Earth.

2. ...calculated that the internal solar magnetic fields could produce instabilities in the solar plasma.

3. ...holds that Milankovitch cycles can induce changes in solar heating on Earth and the changes are amplified on Earth.

4. ...doesn't believe in Ehrlich's viewpoints at all.

Questions 5-9　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?

In boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage

FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

5. The ice ages changed frequency from 100,000 to 41,000 years a million years ago.

6. The sole problem that the Milankovitch theory can not solve is to explain why the ice age frequency should shift from one to another.

7. Carbon dioxide can be locked artificially into sea ice to eliminate the greenhouse effect.

8. Some scientists are not ready to give up the Milankovitch theory though they haven't figured out which mechanisms amplify the changes in solar heating.

9. Both Edwards and Ehrlich believe that there is no practical way to test when the solar temperature oscillation begins and when ends.

Questions 10-14　　Complete the notes below.

Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet.

The standard view assumes that the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusions hold the temperature ...10...in the sun's interior, but the slight changes in the earth's ...11... alter the temperature on the earth and cause ice ages every 100,000 years. A British scientist, however, challenges this view by claiming that the internal solar magnetic ...12... can induce the temperature oscillations in the sun's interior. The sun's core temperature oscillates around its average temperature in ...13... lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years. And the ...14... interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other, which explains why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.

答案：1-9 E AB C D F F NG T T

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