2020gre数学考试出题原则

gre数学考试照理说应该是中国学子的强势科目，但大家却因为看不懂gre数学考试题目而失分，这是非常令人抱憾的，下面小编就和大家分享gre数学考试出题原则，来欣赏一下吧。

gre数学考试出题原则你清楚吗?

在gre数学考试中，一般都假定以下信息为真：

●All numbers used are real numbers;

●All figures lie on a plane unless otherwise indicated;

●All angle measures are positive;

●All lines shown as straight are straight. On the computer-based test， lines that appear“jagged" can also be assumed to be straight (lines can look somewhat jagged on the computer screen)：

●Figures are intended to provide useful information for answering the questions. However，except where a figure is accompanied by a“Note" stating that the figure is drawn tO scale， solve the problem using your knowledge of mathematics， not by visual measurement or estimation.

细心的读者会发现，上述假设实际上就是gre数学考试出题原则，即：

●所有的数都是实数;

●除非gre数学考试题目中专门指出假设所有图形都在同一个平面内;

●所有的角的测量值都是正数;

●所有显示为直线的线均可当作直线来处理(在机试中，因为电脑显示器的原因，直线可能会看起来呈“锯齿状”);

●伴随问题的图形将为解题提供有用的信息。但是，只有在GRE数学的问题中指出本图形是按比例画出(drawn to scale)时，才可以用目测或估计而得到的信息去解题。否则，只能运用你的数学知识去回答问题。这一解题原则可以简称为“只能读图，不能度量”的原则。

GRE阅读高分备考的重点

一：有一定的词汇量

GRE阅读所需掌握的单词要少的多，这些词往往都是些GRE阅读专属词汇，且重复率很高，只需集中背记一下就可以解决基本问题。

二：选答案有方法、有技巧

GRE阅读的答案的确是有一些特点的。有一些答案一看就是正确答案，说得客观严谨、小心翼翼，有的一看就是错的，这里面包含一些特定的规律。

三：对句子有基本的理解能力

GRE阅读有很多阅读技巧，但它只是一种锦上添花的东西，要在你对文章的大意甚至对一些具体的内容有一定的理解的基础上才能发挥作用，而这个基础就体现在对句子的理解上。

四：熟悉考点和题型

GRE阅读考了很多年，已经呈现出了明确、固定的出题点和试题类型，考生应该对它们有充分的了解。

五：智慧读原文

要靠读懂全文来做对题，对中国考生来说是一件很难的事情，即使把文章全部翻译成中文，也很难在如此短的时间内逐字逐句理解全文，更何况是生词连篇、复杂难懂的英文，所以我们要靠快速读文法，学会抓重点。

六：考点详细读，非出题点略读

这句话非常简单，然而，很多考生往往很难做到这一点，有的考生是不知道什么有用，不知道哪儿是出题点，也就不知道哪里详读哪里略读，只好全文都一样重点的读，其实也就等于全文都没读好。

GRE阅读材料：鸟叫的研究

Over the years, biolists have suggested two main pathways by which sexual selection may have shaped the evolution of male birdsong. In the first, male competition and intrasexual selection produce relatively short, simple songs used mainly in territorial behavior. In the second, female choice and intersexual selection produce longer, more complicated songs used mainly in mate attraction; like such visual ornamentation as the peacock’s tail, elaborate vocal characteristics increase the male’s chances of being chosen as a mate, and he thus enjoys more reproductive success than his less ostentatious rivals. The two pathways are not mutually exclusive, and we can expect to find examples that reflect their interaction. Teasing them apart has been an important challenge to evolutionary biolists.

Early research confirmed the role of intrasexual selection. In a variety of experiments in the field, males responded aggressively to recorded songs by exhibiting territorial behavior near the speakers. The breakthrough for research into intersexual selection came in the development of a new technique for investigating female response in the laboratory. When female cowbirds raised in isolation in sound-proof chambers were exposed to recordings of male song, they responded by exhibiting mating behavior. By quantifying the responses, researchers were able to determine what particular features of the song were most important. In further experiments on song sparrows, researchers found that when exposed to a single song type repeated several times or to a repertoire of different song types, females responded more to the latter. The beauty of the experimental design is that it effectively rules out confounding variables; acoustic isolation assures that the female can respond only to the song structure itself.

If intersexual selection operates as theorized, males with more complicated songs should not only attract females more readily but should also enjoy greater reproductive success. At first, however, researchers doing fieldwork with song sparrows found no correlation between larger repertoires and early mating, which has been shown to be one indicator of reproductive success; further, common measures of male quality used to predict reproductive success, such as weight, size, age, and territory, also failed to correlate with song complexity.

The confirmation researchers had been seeking was finally achieved in studies involving two varieties of warblers. Unlike the song sparrow, which repeats one of its several song types in bouts before switching to another, the warbler continuously composes much longer and more variable songs without repetition. For the first time, researchers found a significant correlation between repertoire size and early mating, and they discovered further that repertoire size had a more significant effect than any other measure of male quality on the number of young produced. The evidence suggests that warblers use their extremely elaborate songs primarily to attract females, clearly confirming the effect of intersexual selection on the evolution of birdsong.

17.1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) showing that intrasexual selection has a greater effect on birdsong than does intersexual selection

(B) contrasting the role of song complexity in several species of birds

(C) describing research confirming the suspected relationship between intersexual selection and the complexity of birdsong

(D) demonstrating the superiority of laboratory work over field studies in evolutionary bioly

(E) illustrating the effectiveness of a particular approach to experimental design in evolutionary bioly

17.2. The author mentions the peacock’s tail in line 8 most probably in order to

(A) cite an exception to the theory of the relationship between intrasexual selection and male competition

(B) illustrate the importance of both of the pathways that shaped the evolution of birdsong

(C) draw a distinction between competing theories of intersexual selection

(D) give an example of a feature that may have evolved through intersexual selection by female choice

(E) refute a commonly held assumption about the role of song in mate attraction

17.3. According to the passage, which of the following is specifically related to intrasexual selection?

(A) Female choice

(B) Territorial behavior

(C) Complex song types

(D) Large song repertoires

(E) Visual ornamentation

17.4. Which of the following, if true, would most clearly demonstrate the interaction mentioned in lines 11-13?

(A) Female larks respond similarly both to short, simple songs and to longer, more complicated songs.

(B) Male canaries use visual ornamentation as well as elaborate song repertoires for mate attraction.

(C) Both male and female blackbirds develop elaborate visual and vocal characteristics.

(D) Male jays use songs to compete among themselves and to attract females.

(E) Male robins with elaborate visual ornamentation have as much reproductive success as rivals with elaborate vocal characteristics.

17.5. The passage indicates that researchers raised female cowbirds in acoustic isolation in order to

(A) eliminate confounding variables

(B) approximate field conditions

(C) measure reproductive success

(D) quantify repertoire complexity

(E) prevent early mating

17.6. According to the passage, the song sparrow is unlike the warbler in that the song sparrow

(A) uses songs mainly in territorial behavior

(B) continuously composes long and complex songs

(C) has a much larger song repertoire

(D) repeats one song type before switching to another

(E) responds aggressively to recorded songs

17.7. The passage suggests that the song sparrow experiments mentioned in lines 37-43 failed to confirm the role of intersexual selection because

(A) females were allowed to respond only to the song structure

(B) song sparrows are unlike other species of birds

(C) the experiments provided no evidence that elaborate songs increased male reproductive success

(D) the experiments included the songs of only a small number of different song sparrows

(E) the experiments duplicated some of the limitations of previous field studies

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